Karl Polanyi
Karl Polanyi argues that the self-regulating free market is a dangerous utopian project that drives society to protect itself from severe dislocation.
Prior to the modern era, economic activities were largely governed by social relationships, customs, and religious institutions.
Treating land, labor, and money as true commodities is a dangerous fiction because they actually represent the natural environment, human lives, and state-backed purchasing power.
The self-regulating market is an impossible utopian project that would undermine human life and nature if left unchecked.