
Robert M. Sapolsky
Our best and worst behaviors are not driven by simple choices but by a complex web of biological, environmental, and evolutionary factors.
Behavior is the end product of interacting biological and environmental systems, meaning no single gene, hormone, or brain region acts alone.
The frontal cortex of the brain develops late into adolescence, allowing life experiences to heavily shape our impulse control and social intelligence.
Hormones like testosterone and oxytocin do not blindly cause specific actions but instead amplify preexisting tendencies depending on the immediate social context.