Simon Singh
For centuries, the battle between codemakers and codebreakers has decided the fate of nations, evolving from simple substitution ciphers to complex quantum mechanics.
Early cryptographic methods relied on simple letter substitutions that were eventually defeated by mathematical frequency analysis.
The invention of mechanical encryption machines like the German Enigma revolutionized wartime communication before being cracked by teams of brilliant mathematicians.
The rise of the internet required a new solution to securely exchange encryption keys, leading to the revolutionary breakthrough of public key cryptography.